I took this picture across the Tiber from Guarini. I like the repeating arches throughout the photo, and how they asymmetrically complement each other. The F number is 4.5 and the exposure time is 1/50.
RAW vs JPEG
JPEG – This is a more standard format. JPEG files are processed right within the camera. These files are smaller. While color temperature and exposure are set based on your camera settings when the image is shot, the camera will also process the image to add blacks, contrast, brightness, noise reduction, sharpening (which you can see in the example above) and then render the file to a compressed JPEG. These files are finished and can be viewed and printed immediately after shot.
RAW – RAW files are uncompressed and unprocessed snapshots of all of the detail available to the camera sensor. RAW photos are much larger files. RAW files are unprocessed so they come out looking flat and dark and lower in contrast. RAW images need to be viewed and processed using your camera’s software or in more robust commonly used software like Adobe Photoshop, Lightroom, Aperture, etc prior to being ready for display or print.
CCD vs CMOS
CMOS and CCD image sensors convert images (light) into electronic signals. CCD sensors are slightly cheaper and are the older, more mature technology. CCD and CMOS sensors are susceptible to different problems — CCD sensors are more susceptible to vertical smear from bright light sources, while CMOS sensors are susceptible to skewing, wobbling and partial exposure. However, neither technology is a clear winner over the other in over all image quality.
CCDs use a global shutter, which exposes the entire image simultaneously. This can lead to blur if any motion occurs in the image during exposure, but a high shutter speed prevents this problem.
CMOS sensors are equipped with “rolling shutters,” which expose different parts of the frame at different points in time. This can lead to skew, wobble and partial exposure in photographs.
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